Photon, it is the fundamental particle of light which is responsible for the particulate nature of light and posses zero mass, no electric charge, and these are the carriers of electromagnetic force.
Photons are generated through a variety of processes, such as the emission of light from stars, the fluorescence of materials, and the emission of radiation from atoms and molecules. They are also involved in numerous significant phenomena, such as photosynthesis, vision, and communication.
Talking about the photon sphere, A photon sphere is a region of space around a black hole where the gravitational pull of the black hole is so strong that photons can orbit the black hole in a stable circular orbit.
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| Photon Sphere generated by DALL-E |
The radius of the photon sphere is approximately 1.5 times the Schwarzschild radius, which is the distance from the centre of a non-rotating black hole at which the escape velocity equals the speed of light. Inside the photon sphere, any object that emits light will have that light bent inward by the strong gravity of the black hole, causing the light to orbit the black hole. This effect is known as gravitational lensing and can cause multiple images of the same object to appear in different parts of the sky.
The photon sphere is an interesting and important feature of black holes because it helps to explain some of the observational characteristics of black holes, such as the appearance of bright rings of light around them known as "black hole shadows."
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